张松茂款《三顾茅庐》雪景大师珍藏缸

在景德镇千年瓷艺的长河中，粉彩雪景瓷以其独特的冰雪意境与人文叙事，成为中国陶瓷艺术中极具感染力的品类。由中国工艺美术大师张松茂创作的《三顾茅庐》雪景大师珍藏缸，便是这一艺术脉络中的巅峰之作。它以洁白瓷胎为纸，以粉彩墨彩为墨，将三国典故与冬日雪景熔于一炉，在圆润饱满的器型之上，铺展了一幅跨越时空的忠义长卷，既承载着景德镇陶瓷的精湛技艺，也凝聚着中国文人对历史与理想的深情回望。

In the thousand-year history of Jingdezhen porcelain art, pastel snow scene porcelain has become a highly infectious category in Chinese ceramic art with its unique ice and snow artistic conception and humanistic narration. The "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" Snow Scene Master Collection Jar, created by Zhang Songmao, a Master of Chinese Arts and Crafts, is a pinnacle work in this artistic lineage. Taking the pure white porcelain body as paper and pastel ink as ink, it integrates the Three Kingdoms allusion and winter snow scene into one, unfolding a long scroll of loyalty and righteousness spanning time and space on the round and plump vessel shape. It not only carries the exquisite craftsmanship of Jingdezhen porcelain, but also condenses the deep nostalgia of Chinese literati for history and ideals.

张松茂，号 “芝山松茂”，是景德镇 “珠山八友” 之后最具代表性的陶瓷艺术大师之一，被誉为 “粉彩雪景大王”。他 14 岁师从陶瓷名家，一生深耕粉彩瓷艺，尤其擅长雪景与人物题材的创作，将传统粉彩技法与现代审美意识相结合，形成了 “清新秀丽、意境深远” 的艺术风格。《三顾茅庐》是张松茂毕生钻研的经典题材，他曾多次以不同形式演绎这一典故，而这件雪景大师珍藏缸，是其晚年集大成之作，凝聚了他近八十年的瓷艺经验与人生感悟，也成为景德镇百年陶瓷珍品馆的重要典藏。

Zhang Songmao, styled "Zhishan Songmao", was one of the most representative ceramic art masters after the "Eight Friends of Zhushan" in Jingdezhen, known as the "King of Pastel Snow Scenes". He apprenticed under a famous ceramic artist at the age of 14, and devoted his whole life to pastel porcelain art, especially good at creating snow scene and figure themes. He combined traditional pastel techniques with modern aesthetic consciousness, forming an artistic style of "fresh and beautiful, with profound artistic conception". "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" is a classic theme that Zhang Songmao studied all his life. He interpreted this allusion in different forms many times, and this snow scene master collection jar is his magnum opus in his later years, condensing his nearly 80 years of porcelain art experience and life insights, and also becoming an important collection of the Jingdezhen Centennial Ceramic Treasures Museum.

这件《三顾茅庐》雪景大师珍藏缸，器型为圆润饱满的鼓缸形制，线条流畅而富有张力，既符合传统陶瓷的审美规范，又能最大化地展现画面的叙事空间。缸身以粉彩雪景技法描绘刘备三顾茅庐的经典场景：画面近景处，几株苍劲的古松与枯树被皑皑白雪覆盖，枝干以浓墨勾勒，雪色以留白与淡粉晕染，层次分明而质感温润；树下的茅庐灯火微明，木质门窗与茅草屋顶在雪光映照下格外清晰，传递出冬日寒夜的静谧与温暖。中景处，刘备、关羽、张飞三人身着各色长袍，策立于茅庐门前，刘备躬身叩门，关羽、张飞侍立两侧，人物神态刻画细腻，忠义恳切的神情跃然瓷上，生动还原了 “三顾频烦天下计” 的历史瞬间。远景处，连绵的山峦被白雪覆盖，以淡墨与留白表现出远山的朦胧悠远，与近景的人物、茅庐形成虚实对比，让整个画面在有限的器身之上，延伸出无限的历史意境。

This "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" Snow Scene Master Collection Jar is in the shape of a round and plump drum jar, with smooth and dynamic lines, which not only conforms to the aesthetic norms of traditional ceramics, but also maximizes the narrative space of the picture. The jar body depicts the classic scene of Liu Bei's three visits to the thatched cottage using pastel snow scene techniques: in the foreground of the picture, several vigorous ancient pines and dead trees are covered with white snow, the branches are outlined with thick ink, and the snow color is rendered with blank space and light pink, with distinct layers and warm texture; the thatched cottage under the trees is lit with dim lights, and the wooden doors and windows and thatched roof are particularly clear under the snow light, conveying the tranquility and warmth of the cold winter night. In the middle scene, Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei, dressed in robes of various colors, stand in front of the thatched cottage. Liu Bei bends to knock on the door, while Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stand on both sides. The characters' expressions are delicately depicted, and their loyal and sincere demeanor leaps onto the porcelain, vividly restoring the historical moment of "three visits to the cottage for the world's strategy". In the distant view, the continuous mountains are covered with white snow, and the faint ink and blank space are used to show the hazy and distant mountains, forming a virtual-real contrast with the figures and thatched cottage in the foreground, allowing the whole picture to extend an infinite historical artistic conception on the limited vessel body.

从瓷艺技法来看，这件作品充分展现了张松茂 “粉彩雪景” 的独门造诣。他在传统 “点雪”“吹雪” 技法的基础上，创新运用 “雪染” 与 “墨彩勾线” 结合的手法，既保留了雪景瓷的通透与洁净，又通过浓淡变化的墨线，强化了树木、山石的轮廓与质感，让冰雪世界更具层次与立体感。设色上，以淡雅的粉白、浅青为主色调，辅以人物服饰的红、蓝、绿等亮色，既营造出冬日清冷肃穆的氛围，又通过人物的鲜活色彩，打破了雪景的单调，凸显了 “雪中访友” 的温情与执着。题款 “芝山松茂” 与印章的钤印，以及底部 “张松茂” 款识、“景德镇市张松茂陶瓷研究院监制” 等标识，不仅是作品身份的印证，更构成了完整的艺术叙事，让这件瓷缸成为集绘画、书法、篆刻、制瓷技艺于一体的综合艺术载体。

From the perspective of porcelain art techniques, this work fully demonstrates Zhang Songmao's unique attainments in "pastel snow scenes". On the basis of traditional "dot snow" and "blow snow" techniques, he innovatively applied the combination of "snow dyeing" and "ink line drawing", which not only retained the transparency and cleanliness of snow scene porcelain, but also strengthened the outline and texture of trees and rocks through ink lines with varying shades, making the ice and snow world more layered and three-dimensional. In terms of coloring, the main tones are elegant pink white and light cyan, supplemented by bright colors such as red, blue, and green in the characters' costumes, which not only creates a cold and solemn winter atmosphere, but also breaks the monotony of the snow scene through the vivid colors of the characters, highlighting the warmth and persistence of "visiting friends in the snow". The inscription "Zhishan Songmao" and the seal, as well as the "Zhang Songmao" mark at the bottom and the "Supervised by Jingdezhen Zhang Songmao Ceramic Research Institute" logo, are not only the confirmation of the work's identity, but also form a complete artistic narrative, making this porcelain jar a comprehensive art carrier integrating painting, calligraphy, seal carving, and porcelain making techniques.

《三顾茅庐》作为中国历史上最具代表性的求贤典故，承载着 “礼贤下士、忠义报国” 的文化内核，而张松茂以雪景为载体，为这一典故赋予了新的艺术生命。在冬日的皑皑白雪中，刘备的执着与诸葛亮的隐逸，构成了中国文人理想人格的双重镜像：前者代表着对理想与事业的热忱追求，后者象征着对精神与风骨的坚守自持。这件瓷缸将历史典故、人文精神与瓷艺之美完美融合，让观者在欣赏冰雪美景的同时，也能触摸到中国传统文化中 “士为知己者死” 的忠义情怀与 “天下为公” 的理想追求。在当代陶瓷艺术日益商业化的背景下，张松茂的这件作品更显珍贵，它以纯粹的艺术初心，延续了景德镇文人瓷画的精神血脉，也为中国传统陶瓷艺术的当代传承树立了典范。

As the most representative allusion of seeking talents in Chinese history, "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" carries the cultural core of "courting the virtuous and serving the country with loyalty". Zhang Songmao took the snow scene as the carrier, endowing this allusion with a new artistic life. In the white snow of winter, Liu Bei's persistence and Zhuge Liang's seclusion constitute a dual mirror image of the ideal personality of Chinese literati: the former represents the passionate pursuit of ideals and careers, while the latter symbolizes the adherence to spirit and integrity. This porcelain jar perfectly integrates historical allusions, humanistic spirit, and the beauty of porcelain art, allowing viewers to touch the loyal sentiment of "a scholar dies for his confidant" and the ideal pursuit of "the world is for the public" in traditional Chinese culture while appreciating the beauty of ice and snow. Against the background of the increasing commercialization of contemporary ceramic art, Zhang Songmao's work is even more precious. With a pure artistic original intention, it continues the spiritual blood of Jingdezhen literati porcelain painting and sets a model for the contemporary inheritance of traditional Chinese ceramic art.

如今，当我们凝视这件《三顾茅庐》雪景大师珍藏缸时，看到的不仅是张松茂精湛的瓷艺与精妙的叙事，更是一位陶瓷大师对传统文化的深情致敬，以及景德镇千年瓷艺在当代的鲜活传承。它以瓷为媒，将冬日雪景的纯净、历史典故的厚重与文人精神的高洁，凝聚于一器之上，成为中国陶瓷艺术史上不可多得的珍品，也让我们在快节奏的现代生活中，重新感受到那份来自冰雪与历史之间的宁静与力量。

Today, when we gaze at this "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" Snow Scene Master Collection Jar, we see not only Zhang Songmao's exquisite porcelain art and delicate narration, but also a ceramic master's affectionate tribute to traditional culture and the vivid inheritance of Jingdezhen's thousand-year porcelain art in the contemporary era. With porcelain as the medium, it condenses the purity of winter snow scenes, the profundity of historical allusions, and the nobility of literati spirit into one vessel, becoming a rare treasure in the history of Chinese ceramic art, and allowing us to re-feel the tranquility and strength between ice and snow and history in the fast-paced modern life.

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